Ibi nibintu byose ukeneye kumenya kubyerekeye umutekano wa laser
Umutekano wa Laser biterwa nishuri rya laser urimo ukorana.
Umubare munini wishuri, niko hakaba hinzaga gufata.
Buri gihe witondere umuburo kandi ukoreshe ibikoresho byo gukingira mugihe bikenewe.
Gusobanukirwa ibyiciro bya laser bifasha kurinda umutekano mugihe ukorana na laser.
Aba lases bashyirwa mu byiciro bitandukanye bishingiye kurwego rwabo.
Hano harasenyuka neza kuri buri cyiciro nicyo ukeneye kumenya kuri bo.
Ni ayahe masomo ya Laser: Yasobanuwe
Sobanukirwa amasomo ya laser = kongera ubumenyi bwumutekano
Icyiciro 1 laser
Icyiciro 1 Laser ni ubwoko bwizewe.
Ntabwo batwaye amaso mugihe cyo gukoresha bisanzwe, nubwo barebwaga igihe kirekire cyangwa nibikoresho bya optique.
Aba lajers mubisanzwe bafite imbaraga nke cyane, akenshi micice ntoya.
Mubihe bimwe, lasers ikoresha cyane (nkicyiciro cya 3 cyangwa icyiciro cya 4) bifunze kugirango bibe icyiciro cya 1.
Kurugero, icapiro rya laser rikoresha laser ifite imbaraga nyinshi, ariko kubera ko zifunze, zifatwa nkurugero 1 lasers.
Ntugomba guhangayikishwa numutekano keretse ibikoresho byangiritse.
Icyiciro 1m lasers
Icyiciro cya 1m Lasers isa nicyiciro cya 1 laser muri rusange bafite umutekano kumaso mubihe bisanzwe.
Ariko, niba ukuye igiti ukoresheje ibikoresho bya optique nka binokula, birashobora guteza akaga.
Ibi ni ukubera ko igiti gihwanye gishobora kurenza imbaraga zumutekano, nubwo ntacyo kitwaye ijisho.
Dioses Dieses, fibre optique itumanaho, hamwe na lases yihuta yihuta iri mubyiciro bya 1m.
Icyiciro cya 2 laser
Icyiciro cya 2 Lases ahanini gifite umutekano kubera ibintu bisanzwe.
Niba ureba igiti, amaso yawe azahita ahumbya, agabanya amakuru munsi yamasegonda 0.25 - ibi mubisanzwe bihagije kugirango wirinde ibyago.
Aba lazes batanga gusa ibyago niba ureba nkana.
Icyiciro cya 2 Abahiga bagomba gusohora itara rigaragara, kubera ko Blunk Reflex ikora gusa mugihe ushobora kubona urumuri.
Aba lases mubisanzwe bagarukira kuri 1 miliwatt (MW) yimbaraga zihoraho, nubwo rimwe na rimwe, imipaka irashobora kuba hejuru.
Icyiciro cya 2m lasers
Icyiciro cya 2m Lasers isa nicyiciro cya 2, ariko hariho itandukaniro ryingenzi:
Niba ubonye igiti ukoresheje ibikoresho byo gukuza (nka telesikope), guhumeka nabi ntibizarinda amaso yawe.
Ndetse no guhura na gato kuri iki kiti gikabije gishobora gutera igikomere.
Icyiciro cya 3r lasers
Icyiciro cya 3r laser, nka lazeri ya laser na scaneri ya laser, birakomeye kuruta amasomo 2 ariko baracyafite umutekano iyo bakemuwe neza.
Urebye mu buryo butaziguye, cyane cyane binyuze mubikoresho bya optique, birashobora kwangiza amaso.
Ariko, ubusanzwe imurikagurisha mubisanzwe ntabwo byangiza.
Icyiciro cya 3r gigomba gutwara ibirango bisobanutse, kuko bishobora gutera ingaruka niba nabi.
Muri sisitemu ya kera, icyiciro cya 3r cyavuzwe ko ari icyiciro cya IIIA.
Icyiciro cya 3b lasers
Icyiciro cya 3b Lazerri gifite akaga kandi kigomba gukemurwa no kwitonda.
Kugaragaza neza igitambaro cyangwa indorerwamo nko gutekereza kurashobora gukomeretsa amaso cyangwa uruhu.
Gusa batatanye, gutekereza kuri diffuse bifite umutekano.
Kurugero, icyiciro cya kabiri cya 3b Lasers ntigomba kurenga 0.5 Watts kuburebure hagati ya 315 na infrared, mugihe ya lasers mu rwego rugaragara (400-700 NM) ntagomba kurenga milinoules 30.
Aba lasers bakunze kuboneka mumyidagaduro yerekana.
Icyiciro cya 4 laser
Icyiciro cya 4 Laser nicyo cyangiza cyane.
Aba ba lases bafite imbaraga zihagije zo gukomeretsa amaso bikomeye kandi uruhu, kandi barashobora no gutangira umuriro.
Bakoreshwa mubikorwa byunganda nka Laser Gukata, gusudira, no gukora isuku.
Niba uri hafi yicyiciro cya 4 laser nta ngamba zumutekano ukwiye, ufite ibyago bikomeye.
Ndetse ibitekerezo bitaziguye birashobora gutera ibyangiritse, nibikoresho biri hafi bishobora gufata umuriro.
Buri gihe wambara ibikoresho birinda hanyuma ukurikire protocole yumutekano.
Sisitemu zimwe na zimwe zikoreshwa cyane, nkimashini zikoresha laser lases, ni ibyiciro 4 laser, ariko birashobora gukingurwa neza kugirango bigabanye ingaruka.
Kurugero, imashini za Laserax zikoresha amababi akomeye, ariko zagenewe guhura nicyiciro 1 cyuzuye iyo gifunze byuzuye.
Ibitekerezo bitandukanye bya laser
Gusobanukirwa Ibigo bya Laser: Ijisho, uruhu, hamwe ningaruka z'umuriro
Aba lajeri barashobora guteza akaga niba badafashwe neza, hamwe nubwoko butatu bwibyago: ibikomere byamaso, uruhu rwaka, numuriro.
Niba sisitemu ya laser itashyizwe mubyiciro 1 (icyiciro cyizewe), abakozi bo muri ako karere bagomba guhora bambara ibikoresho birinda, nko guhungabanya amasoko yabo hamwe nimpumuro idasanzwe kuruhu rwabo.
Gukomeretsa amaso: Icyahungabanye cyane
Ibikomere by'amaso bivuye muri laser ni byo bihangayikishije cyane kuko bishobora gutera ibyangiritse burundu cyangwa ubuhumyi.
Dore impamvu ibyo bikomere bibaye nuburyo bwo kubarinda.
Iyo umucyo wa laser winjira mumaso, Cornea na lens bakorera hamwe kugirango babashyire kuri retina (inyuma yijisho).
Uyu mucyo wibanze noneho utunganizwa nubwonko kugirango arema amashusho.
Ariko, ibi bice byamaso-cornea, lens, na retina-bibasiwe cyane no kwangirika kwa laser.
Ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose bwa laser burashobora kwangiza amaso, ariko uburebure bwumucyo ni akaga cyane.
Kurugero, imashini nyinshi zakozwe na laser gushushanya urumuri muri inffike-hafi ya inka (700-2000 nm) cyangwa hejuru ya kure (4000-11,000 + nm) iringaniye, zitagaragara mumaso yumuntu.
Umucyo ugaragara ushishikajwe no guhugukira hejuru yijisho mbere yuko yibanda kuri retina, ifasha kugabanya ingaruka.
Nyamara, urumuri rwabuze rwirengagije uku kurinda kuko rutagaragara, bivuze ko igera kuri retina ifite ubukana bwuzuye, bigatuma birangiza cyane.
Iyi mbaraga zirenze irashobora gutwika retina, iganisha ku guhuma cyangwa kwangirika gukabije.
Abatakaye bafite uburebure buri munsi ya 400 nm (murwego rwa ultraviolet) barashobora kandi gutera ibyangiritse, nkibyabaye, ibyo bikaze ibicu mugihe.
Kurinda neza kwangirika kw'amaso ya laser ni kwambara igorofa nziza ya laser yumutekano.
Izi mpanuka zagenewe gukuramo uburebure bwamabuye.
Kurugero, niba ukorana na fibre ya laserax sisitemu, uzakenera goggles irinda itara 1064 nm.
Uruhu: gutwika na fotochemical ibyangiritse
Mugihe ibikomere byuruhu bituruka kuri lases mubisanzwe birakabije kuruta ibikomere byamaso, baracyakeneye kwitabwaho.
Guhuza itaziguye hamwe na Laser Briam cyangwa indorerwamo yacyo nkayo irashobora gutwika uruhu, nko gukora ku mashyiga ashyushye.
Uburemere bwa gutwikwa biterwa nububasha bwa laser, uburebure bwa laser, uburebure, bugaragara, nubunini bwahantu hafashwe.
Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwingenzi bwo kwangiriza uruhu muri laser:
Amabuye y'agaciro
Bisa no gutwikwa kuva hejuru.
Ifoto ya Photochemical
Nka sunburn, ariko biterwa no guhura nuburebure bwumucyo.
Nubwo ibikomere byuruhu mubisanzwe bidakomeye kuruta ibikomere byamaso, biracyakenewe gukoresha imyenda ikirinda kugirango ugabanye ibyago.
Amazi meza: Uburyo Lajers ishobora gutwika ibikoresho
Laseri-cyane cyane amasomo akoreshwa cyane 4 lasers-yerekana ibyago byumuriro.
Ibiti byabo, hamwe numucyo wagaragaye (ndetse no gukwirakwiza cyangwa gutatanya), birashobora gutwika ibikoresho byaka mubidukikije.
Kugirango wirinde umuriro, icyiciro cya 4 kigomba kuba gifunze neza, kandi inzira zabo zo kwerekana zigomba gusuzumwa neza.
Ibi birimo kubazwa ibitekerezo bitaziguye kandi bitandukanye, bishobora gukomeza gutera imbaraga zihagije zo gutangiza umuriro niba ibidukikije bidacungwaga neza.
Icyiciro cya 1 cya laser
Gusobanukirwa Ibirango bya Laser: Bisobanura iki?
Ibicuruzwa bya laser ahantu hose birangwa nibirango byo kuburira, ariko wigeze wibaza uko ibyo bisebe bisobanuye?
By'umwihariko, "icyiciro 1" gisobanura, kandi ninde uhitamo ibirango bijya aho bicuruzwa? Reka tubigabanye.
Ni ikihe cyiciro 1 laser?
Icyiciro 1 Laser ni ubwoko bwa laser buhura nubuziranenge bwumutekano bukomeye bwashyizweho na komisiyo mpuzamahanga ya elegiste (IEC).
Izihame zemeza ko icyiciro cya 1 lasers gisanzwe cyo gukoreshwa kandi ntukeneye ingamba zinyongera zumutekano, nkigenzura ryihariye cyangwa ibikoresho byo kurinda.
Ni ikihe cyiciro 1 cya laser?
Icyiciro cya 1 cya laser
Ibicuruzwa byateguwe kugirango beard ya laser irimo, gukumira nubwo laser imbere ishobora kuba ikomeye.
Ni irihe tandukaniro?
Nubwo ibyiciro bibiri hamwe nibicuruzwa 1 bya laser bifite umutekano, ntabwo bisa.
Icyiciro cya 1 Laser ni Pozeri nkeya zagenewe umutekano munsi yimikoreshereze isanzwe, nta gukenera kurengera.
Kurugero, urashobora kureba neza kurwego rwa 1 laser igiti nta jisho rikingira kuko ari imbaraga nke n'umutekano.
Ariko icyiciro cya 1 cya laser cyashoboraga kugira laser ikomeye imbere, kandi mugihe ari byiza gukoresha (kuko ifunze), igaragara itaziguye), igaragara rishobora gutuma rishobora gutera ingaruka niba igifu cyangiritse.
Nigute ibicuruzwa bya laser byateganijwe?
Ibicuruzwa bya laser bigengwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga na IEC, itanga umurongo ngenderwaho ku mutekano wa Laser.
Impuguke ziva mu bihugu 88 zitanga umusanzu muri aya mahame, zashyizwe munsiIEC 60825-1.
Aya mabwiriza yemeza ko ibicuruzwa bya laser bifite umutekano gukoresha ahantu hatandukanye.
Ariko, IEC ntabwo yubahiriza aya mahame.
Ukurikije aho uri, abayobozi b'inzego z'ibanze bazabazwa inshingano zo kubahiriza amategeko y'umutekano wa laser.
Guhuza umurongo ngenderwaho wa IEC kugirango uhuze ibikenewe byihariye (nkibice mubuvuzi cyangwa inganda).
Mugihe buri gihugu gishobora kugira amabwiriza atandukanye gato, ibicuruzwa bya laser byujuje ibipimo bya IEC muri rusange byemewe kwisi yose.
Muyandi magambo, niba ibicuruzwa byahuye n'ibipimo bya IEC, mubisanzwe kandi byubahiriza amabwiriza yaho, bituma bikoresha umutekano mu mipaka.
Byagenda bite niba ibicuruzwa bya laser atari icyiciro 1?
Byaba byiza, sisitemu zose za laser zaba icyiciro 1 kugirango ukureho ingaruka zishobora kuba zishobora, ariko mubyukuri, lasers nyinshi ntabwo ari icyiciro 1.
Sisitemu nyinshi za Laser
Icyiciro cya 4 laser:Imbaraga zo hejuru zirashobora guteza akaga niba zidagenzuwe neza.
Mugihe bamwe muri aba lasers bakoreshwa mubidukikije bigenzurwa (nkibice byihariye aho abakozi bambara ibikoresho byumutekano).
Abakora no kwinjiza akenshi bafata ingamba zinyongera zo gukora ibyiciro 4 birateka.
Ibyo babikora bafunga sisitemu ya laser, mubyukuri bibahindura mubicuruzwa 1 bya laser, byemeza ko bafite umutekano gukoresha.
Urashaka kumenya amategeko akureba?
Ibindi bikoresho & Ibisobanuro kuri Laser Umutekano
Gusobanukirwa umutekano wa laser: Ibipimo, amabwiriza, nubutunzi
Umutekano wa Laser ningirakamaro mu gukumira impanuka no kwemeza neza sisitemu ya laser.
Inganda, Amabwiriza ya leta, hamwe ninyongera Ibikoresho bitanga umurongo ngenderwaho ufasha ibikorwa byanyuma kubantu bose babigizemo uruhare.
Dore igihingwa cyoroshye cyumutungo wingenzi kugirango ukuyobore mu gusobanukirwa umutekano wa laser.
Ibipimo by'ingenzi Kumutekano wa Laser
Inzira nziza yo gusobanukirwa neza umutekano wa laser nukumenyereye amahame yashyizweho.
Izi nyandiko nibisubizo byubufatanye hagati yinzobere munganda no gutanga amabwiriza yizeze yukuntu wakoresha amaduka neza.
Iki gipimo, cyemejwe n'ikigo cy'ibipimo cy'igihugu cy'Abanyamerika (ANSI), cyanditswe n'ikigo cya Laaster cya Amerika (Lia).
Numwe mumikoro yingenzi kubantu bose bakoresha laser, itanga amategeko asobanutse nibyifuzo kugirango imikorere myiza ya laser.
Irimo laser gushyiramo ibice, protocole yumutekano, nibindi byinshi.
Iki gipimo, na cyo Ansa - cyemewe, gihujwe cyane cyane kubure.
Itanga umurongo ngenderwaho urambuye kuri Laser UKORESHEJWE MU BIKORWA BY'INGENDO ,meza ko abakozi nibikoresho birinzwe nakazi ka Laser.
Iki gipimo, na cyo Ansa - cyemewe, gihujwe cyane cyane kubure.
Itanga umurongo ngenderwaho urambuye kuri Laser UKORESHEJWE MU BIKORWA BY'INGENDO ,meza ko abakozi nibikoresho birinzwe nakazi ka Laser.
Amabwiriza ya leta ku mutekano wa Laser
Mu bihugu byinshi, abakoresha bashinzwe kubyemewe kubungabunga umutekano w'abakozi babo iyo bakorana na laser.
Dore incamake yamabwiriza ajyanye nuturere dutandukanye:
Amerika:
Umutwe wa FDA 21, Igice cya 1040 gishyiraho ibipimo ngenderwaho Ibicuruzwa bisohora urumuri, harimo na laser.
Aya mabwiriza agenga ibisabwa mumutekano kubicuruzwa bya laser byagurishijwe kandi bikoreshwa muri Amerika
Kanada:
Kode y'umurimo wa Kanada naAmabwiriza yubuzima bwubuzima & Umutekano (Rar / 86-304)shiraho umurongo ngenderwaho wihariye.
Byongeye kandi, imirasire yo gusohora imirasire ikora hamwe n'umutekano wa kirimbuzi no kugenzura amakuru yo kugenzura umutekano wa laser
Uburayi:
Mu Burayi, TheAmabwiriza 89/391 / EECyibanda ku mutekano wumwuga nubuzima, gutanga urwego runini rwo kumutekano wakazi.
TheAmabwiriza ya Optificial Amabwiriza (2006/25 / EC)By'umwihariko intego za laser laser, kugenzura imipaka yo kwerekana no gukoresha ingamba z'umutekano kubicenga bya optique.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-20-2024