Mokhoa oa ho Khetha Metsoako e Molemohali ea Khase bakeng sa Welding ea hau ea Laser?
Mefuta, Melemo, le Lisebelisoa
Selelekela:
Lintho tsa Bohlokoa Tseo U Lokelang ho li Tseba Pele U Dibela
Laser welding ke mokhoa o phahameng oa ho tjheseletsa o sebelisang lebone la laser ho qhibilihisa thepa ea mosebetsi ebe o etsa weld ka mor'a ho pholile. Ka laser welding, khase e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa. Khase e sireletsang ha e ame feela sebopeho sa seam sa welding, boleng ba seam ea welding, ho kenella ha seam oa welding, le bophara ba ho kenella, empa hape e ama ka kotloloho boleng le katleho ea laser welding.Ke likhase life tse hlokahalang bakeng sa ho cheselletsa laser?Sehlooho sena se tla shebisisa ka botebobohlokoa ba likhase tsa laser welding, likhase tse sebelisoang, le seo ba se etsang.Re tla boela re khothaletsemochini o motle ka ho fetisisa oa ho tjheselletsa laserbakeng sa litlhoko tsa hau.
Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea laser welding, lebone la laser le nang le matla a phahameng a matla le lebisitsoe sebakeng sa welding sa workpiece, e leng se bakang ho qhibiliha hang-hang ha thepa e ka holimo ea mosebetsi. Khase e hlokahala nakong ea welding ea laser ho sireletsa sebaka sa welding, ho laola mocheso, ho ntlafatsa boleng ba weld, le ho sireletsa sistimi ea optical. Ho khetha mofuta o nepahetseng oa khase le litekanyetso tsa phepelo ke lintlha tsa bohlokoa ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e sebetsang le e tsitsitseng ea welding ea laser le ho fumana liphetho tsa boleng bo holimo.
1. Tšireletso ea Libaka tsa Welding
Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea laser welding, sebaka sa weld se pepesehela tikoloho ea kantle 'me se angoa habonolo ke oksijene le likhase tse ling tse moeeng.
Oksijene e baka karabelo ea oxidation e ka lebisang ho fokotseng boleng ba weld, le ho theoa ha li-pores le li-inclusions. Weld e ka sireletsoa ka katleho ho silafatsoa ke oksijene ka ho fana ka khase e loketseng, hangata khase e sa sebetseng joalo ka argon, sebakeng sa welding.
2. Taolo ea Mocheso
Khetho ea khase le phepelo e ka thusa ho laola mocheso oa sebaka sa welding. Ka ho fetola sekhahla sa phallo le mofuta oa khase, sekhahla sa ho pholisa sa sebaka sa welding se ka ameha. Sena se bohlokoa ho laola sebaka se amehileng ke mocheso (HAZ) nakong ea welding le ho fokotsa ho sotha ha mocheso.
3. Boleng bo ntlafetseng ba Weld
Likhase tse ling tse thusang, tse kang oksijene kapa naetrojene, li ka ntlafatsa boleng le ts'ebetso ea li-welds. Mohlala, ho eketsa oksijene ho ka ntlafatsa ho kenella ha weld le ho eketsa lebelo la welding, ha ho ntse ho ama sebopeho le botebo ba weld.
4. Pholiso ea Khase
Ka laser welding, sebaka sa welding hangata se angoa ke mocheso o phahameng. Ho sebelisa mochine o pholileng oa khase ho ka thusa ho laola mocheso oa sebaka sa welding le ho thibela ho futhumala ho feteletseng. Sena se bohlokoa ho fokotsa khatello ea mocheso sebakeng sa welding le ho ntlafatsa boleng ba welding.
5. Tšireletso ea Khase ea Optical Systems
Beam ea laser e tsepamisitsoe sebakeng sa welding ka sistimi ea optical. Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea solder, thepa e qhibilihisitsoeng le li-aerosol tse hlahisoang li ka silafatsa likarolo tsa optical. Ka ho kenya likhase sebakeng sa welding, kotsi ea tšilafalo e fokotsehile 'me bophelo ba tsamaiso ea optical bo atolosoa.
Ka laser welding, khase e ka arola moea ho poleiti ea tjheseletsa 'me ea o thibela ho sebetsana le moea. Ka tsela ena, bokaholimo ba tjheseletsa ba poleiti ea tšepe bo tla ba bosoeu le bo botle haholoanyane. Ho sebelisa khase ho boetse ho sireletsa lilense ho tsoa lerōleng le chesellang. Hangata, likhase tse latelang li sebelisoa:
1. Khase e Sireletsang:
Likhase tse sireletsang, tseo ka linako tse ling li bitsoang "likhase tse inert," li phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ts'ebetsong ea laser welding. Mekhoa ea ho cheselletsa laser hangata e sebelisa likhase tse inert ho sireletsa letamo la weld. Likhase tse sirelletsang tse sebelisoang hangata ho welding ea laser haholo-holo li kenyelletsa argon le neon. Lintho tsa bona tsa 'mele le tsa lik'hemik'hale li fapane, kahoo liphello tsa bona ho weld le tsona li fapane.
·Argon: Argon ke e 'ngoe ea likhase tsa inert tse sebelisoang ka ho fetisisa. E na le tekanyo e phahameng ea ionization tlas'a ketso ea laser, e sa lokelang ho laola ho thehoa ha maru a plasma, e tla ba le phello e itseng ts'ebelisong e sebetsang ea lasers. Sebopeho sa inert sa argon se boloka ho tsoa ts'ebetsong ea soldering, ha e ntse e boetse e senya mocheso hantle, e thusa ho laola mocheso sebakeng sa soldering.
·Neon: Neon e atisa ho sebelisoa e le khase ea inert, e tšoanang le argon, 'me e sebelisoa haholo-holo ho sireletsa sebaka sa welding ho tloha ho oksijene le lintho tse ling tse silafatsang tikolohong e ka ntle. Ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore neon ha e loketse lits'ebetso tsohle tsa laser welding. Haholo-holo e sebelisoa bakeng sa mesebetsi e meng e khethehileng ea ho cheselletsa, joalo ka lisebelisoa tse teteaneng tsa welding kapa ha ho hlokahala seams tse tebileng tsa weld.
2. Khase e Thusang:
Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea welding ea laser, ntle le khase e ka sehloohong e sireletsang, likhase tse thusang li ka boela tsa sebelisoa ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea welding le boleng. Tse latelang ke tse ling tsa likhase tse thusang tse sebelisoang ho cheselletsa laser:
· Oksijene: Oksijene e atisa ho sebelisoa e le khase e thusang 'me e ka sebelisoa ho eketsa mocheso le botebo ba weld nakong ea ho cheselletsa. Ho eketsa oksijene ho ka eketsa lebelo la ho cheselletsa le ho kenella, empa ho hloka ho laoloa ka hloko ho qoba oksijene e feteletseng e bakang mathata a oxidation.
· Nitrogen: Nitrogen e boetse e sebelisoa hangata joalo ka khase e thusang ho cheselletsa ka laser. Matla a ionization a naetrojene a itekanetse, a phahame ho feta argon le a tlase ho feta hydrogen. Tekanyo ea ionization hangata e tlas'a ketso ea laser. E ka fokotsa hantle sebopeho sa maru a plasma, ea fana ka li-welds tsa boleng bo holimo le ponahalo, 'me ea fokotsa tšusumetso ea oksijene ho li-welds. Nitrojene e ka boela ea sebelisoa ho laola mocheso oa sebaka sa welding le ho fokotsa ho thehoa ha li-bubble le li-pores.
· Motsoako oa Hydrogen/Hydrogen: Hydrogen e ntlafatsa boleng ba li-welds le ho fokotsa sebopeho sa porosity. Metsoako ea argon le haedrojene e sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse ling tse khethehileng, joalo ka ho cheselletsa tšepe e sa hloekang. Likahare tsa hydrogen tsa motsoako hangata li tloha ho 2% ho isa ho 15%.
·Helium: Helium e atisa ho sebelisoa bakeng sa matla a phahameng a laser welding hobane e na le conductivity e tlaase ea mocheso 'me ha e na ionized habonolo, e lumellang laser hore e fete hantle le matla a marang-rang ho fihla holim'a workpiece ntle le litšitiso leha e le life. E loketseng ho tjheseletsa matla a phahameng. Helium e ka boela ea sebelisoa ho ntlafatsa boleng ba weld le ho laola mocheso oa ho cheselletsa. Ena ke khase e sireletsang ka ho fetisisa e sebelisoang ka laser welding, empa e batla e le turu.
3. Khase e Pholisang:
Khase e pholileng hangata e sebelisoa nakong ea welding ea laser ho laola mocheso oa sebaka sa ho tjheseletsa, ho thibela ho futhumala ho feteletseng, le ho boloka boleng ba tjheseletsa. Tse latelang ke tse ling tsa likhase tse pholileng tse sebelisoang hangata:
·Metsi: Metsi ke mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa ho futhumatsa o atisang ho sebelisoa ho pholisa lijenereithara tsa laser le lisebelisoa tsa laser welding optical. Sistimi ea ho pholisa metsi e ka thusa ho boloka mocheso o tsitsitseng oa jenereithara ea laser le likarolo tsa optical ho netefatsa botsitso le ts'ebetso ea beam ea laser.
·Ligase tsa atmospheric: Lits'ebetsong tse ling tsa laser welding, likhase tsa sepakapaka tsa tikoloho li ka sebelisoa bakeng sa ho pholisa. Ka mohlala, tsamaisong ea optical ea jenereithara ea laser, khase ea sepakapaka e potolohileng e ka fana ka phello e pholileng.
·Ligase tse sa sebetseng: Likhase tse sa sebetseng joalo ka argon le nitrogen li ka sebelisoa hape joalo ka likhase tse pholisang. Li na le conductivity e tlaase ea mocheso 'me li ka sebelisoa ho laola mocheso oa sebaka sa welding le ho fokotsa sebaka se amehileng ke mocheso (HAZ).
·Naetrojene e Metsi: Naetrojene e nang le metsi ke mokhoa oa ho pholisa o nang le mocheso o tlase haholo o ka sebelisoang bakeng sa welding ea laser e matla haholo. E fana ka phello e ntle haholo ea ho pholisa 'me e tiisa taolo ea mocheso sebakeng sa welding.
4. Motsoako oa Khase:
Metsoako ea khase hangata e sebelisoa ho tjheseletsa ho ntlafatsa likarolo tse fapaneng tsa ts'ebetso, joalo ka lebelo la welding, botebo ba ho kenella, le botsitso ba arc. Ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea mantlha ea motsoako oa khase: motsoako oa binary le oa ternary.
1. Metsoako ea Khase ea Binary:
·Argon + Oxygen: Ho eketsa oksijene e nyenyane ho argon ho ntlafatsa botsitso ba arc, ho hloekisa letamo la weld, le ho eketsa lebelo la ho cheselletsa. Motsoako ona o atisa ho sebelisoa bakeng sa ho cheselletsa carbon steel, low-alloy steel, le tšepe e sa hloekang.
·Argon + Carbon Dioxide: Ho eketsoa ha CO₂ ho argon ho eketsa matla a ho cheselletsa le ho hanyetsa ha kutu ha ho ntse ho fokotsa spatter. Hangata motsoako ona o sebelisetsoa ho cheselletsa carbon steel le tšepe e sa hloekang.
·Argon + Hydrogen: Hydrogen e eketsa mocheso oa arc, e ntlafatsa lebelo la ho tjheseletsa, mme e fokotsa bofokoli ba ho tjheseletsa. E bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa li-alloys tse thehiloeng ho nickel le tšepe e sa hloekang.
2. Metsoako ea Khase ea Ternary:
·Argon + Oxygen + Carbon Dioxide: Motsoako ona o kopanya melemo ea motsoako oa argon-oksijene le argon-CO₂. E fokotsa spatter, e ntlafatsa metsi a letamo la weld, hape e ntlafatsa boleng ba weld. E sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa ho tjheseletsa botenya bo fapaneng ba tšepe ea khabone, tšepe ea alloy e tlase, le tšepe e sa hloekang.
·Argon + Helium + Carbon Dioxide: Motsoako ona o thusa ho ntlafatsa botsitso ba arc, o eketsa mocheso oa letamo la weld, le ho eketsa lebelo la ho tjheseletsa. E sebelisoa ho li-welding tse khutšoane tsa arc le lits'ebetsong tse boima tsa welding, e fanang ka taolo e betere holim'a oxidation.
Khetho ea Khase Lits'ebetsong tse Fapaneng
Lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng tsa welding ea laser, ho bohlokoa ho khetha khase e nepahetseng, hobane motsoako o fapaneng oa khase o ka hlahisa boleng bo fapaneng ba tjheseletsa, lebelo le ts'ebetso e fapaneng. Mona ke litataiso tse u thusang ho khetha khase e nepahetseng bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea hau e ikhethileng:
Mofuta oa lisebelisoa tsa welding:
Lisebelisoa tse fapaneng li hloka motsoako o fapaneng oa khase. Ka kakaretso.
·Hangata tšepe e sa hloekang e sebelisa argon kapa motsoako oa argon / hydrogen.
·Hangata lisebelisoa tsa aluminium le aluminium li sebelisa argon e hloekileng.
·Hangata li-alloys tsa Titanium li sebelisa naetrojene.
·Hangata litšepe tse nang le carbon e phahameng li sebelisa oksijene e le khase e thusang.
Lebelo la Welding le Pentration:
Haeba ho hlokahala lebelo le phahameng la welding kapa ho kenella ka ho teba ha welding ho hlokahala, motsoako oa khase o ka fetoloa. Ho eketsa oksijene hangata ho ntlafatsa lebelo le ho kenella, empa ho hloka ho laoloa ka hloko ho qoba mathata a oxidation.
Boleng ba Weld:
Metsoako e meng ea khase e ka ntlafatsa boleng le ponahalo ea li-welds. Mohlala, naetrojene e ka fana ka ponahalo e ntle le boleng bo holimo.
Taolo ea Pore le Bubble:
Bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse hlokang li-welds tsa boleng bo phahameng haholo, tlhokomelo e khethehileng e lokela ho lefshoa ho thehoa ha li-pores le li-bubble. Khetho e nepahetseng ea khase e ka fokotsa kotsi ea likoli tsena.
Taolo ea Sebaka se Amehiloeng ke Mocheso (HAZ):
Ho itšetlehile ka thepa e hloekisitsoeng, litšila tse kotsi tse hlokang mekhoa e khethehileng ea ho tšoara li ka hlahisoa nakong ea ho hloekisa. Sena se ka eketsa litšenyehelo tse akaretsang tsa ts'ebetso ea ho hloekisa ka laser.
Lisebelisoa le Litšenyehelo:
Khetho ea khase e boetse e susumetsoa ke mofuta oa thepa le litšenyehelo. Likhase tse ling li ka hloka lisebelisoa tse khethehileng tsa phepelo kapa litšenyehelo tse phahameng.
Bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse ikhethileng, ho khothaletsoa ho sebetsa le moenjiniere oa welding kapa moetsi oa lisebelisoa tsa welding tsa laser ho fumana likeletso tsa profeshenale le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea welding. Hangata ho hlokahala liteko tse ling le ntlafatso pele ho khethoa motsoako oa ho qetela oa khase. Ho ipapisitse le ts'ebeliso e ikhethileng, motsoako o fapaneng oa khase le liparamente li ka lekoa ho fumana maemo a nepahetseng a welding.
Lintho tseo U Lokelang ho li Tseba ka: Handheld Laser Welding
Mochini oa Welding oa Laser o khothalelitsoeng
Ho ntlafatsa mesebetsi ea hau ea tšepe le ea ho lokisa thepa, ho bohlokoa ho khetha lisebelisoa tse nepahetseng. MimoWork Laser e khothaletsa hoMochini oa Welding oa Laser o tšoaroang ka letsohobakeng sa ho kopanya tšepe e nepahetseng le e sebetsang hantle.
Bokhoni bo Holimo le Matla bakeng sa Lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa Welding
Mochini oa welding oa laser oa 2000W o tšoauoa ka boholo ba mochini o monyane empa boleng ba tjheseletsa bo benyang.
Mohloli o tsitsitseng oa fiber laser le thapo e hoketsoeng ea faeba e fana ka phano e bolokehileng le e tsitsitseng ea lebone la laser.
Ka matla a phahameng, ho tjheseletsa ka laser keyhole ke phethahetseng le nolofalletsa ho tjheseletsa kopanetsweng firmer esita le bakeng sa tšepe e teteaneng.
Ka ponahalo ea mochini o kopaneng le o monyane, mochini o nkehang oa laser welder o na le sethunya sa laser welder se tsamaeang ka letsoho se bobebe ebile se loketse lits'ebetso tsa welding tsa laser tse ngata sebakeng sefe kapa sefe le bokaholimo.
Ho ikhethela mefuta e fapaneng ea li-nozzle tsa laser welder le sistimi ea othomathike ea terata e etsa hore ts'ebetso ea welding ea laser e be bonolo ebile e bonolo ho ba qalang.
Li-welding tsa laser tse lebelo le phahameng li eketsa katleho ea hau ea tlhahiso le tlhahiso ha li ntse li etsa hore ho be le phello e ntle ea laser welding.
Akaretsa
Ka bokhutšoanyane, welding ea laser e hloka ho sebelisa khase ho sireletsa libaka tsa ho cheselletsa, ho laola mocheso, ho ntlafatsa boleng ba weld, le ho sireletsa lisebelisoa tsa optical. Ho khetha mefuta e nepahetseng ea khase le litekanyetso tsa phepelo ke ntlha ea bohlokoa ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e sebetsang hantle le e tsitsitseng ea laser welding le ho fumana liphetho tsa boleng bo holimo. Lisebelisoa le lits'ebetso tse fapaneng li ka hloka mefuta e fapaneng le likarolo tse tsoakiloeng ho fihlela litlhoko tse ikhethang tsa welding.
Ikopanye le rona kajenoho ithuta haholoanyane ka li-cutters tsa rona tsa laser le hore na li ka ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea hau ea tlhahiso ea ho itšeha joang.
Mehopolo efe kapa efe ka Mechini ea Welding ea Laser?
Nako ea poso: Jan-13-2025